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The role of hydrogen as a global energy form, hydrogen production by nuclear, fossil and renewable energy sources; hydrogen handling, safety; transportation and storage methods including high-pressure, cryogenic, metal hydrides and chemical hydrides; basic science and technology of fuel cells, including electrochemical processes; fuel cell thermodynamics; low- and high-temperature fuel cells; applications including portable electronics, automotive vehicles, distributed and back-up power, and space power. 3 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. Credit is not given toward graduation for: Credit is not given toward graduation for ES 470 and NPRE 470. Prerequisite: CHEM 102, MATH 285, and PHYS 212.

Challenges of developing energy systems and civil infrastructure that are sustainable in terms of resource availability, security, and environmental impact. Guest lecturers focus on: (i) global challenges -- future energy demand, geologic sources of energy, climate change, energy-water nexus, energy and security; (ii) markets, policies and systems -- economic incentives, policy and law, life cycle analyses; (iii) opportunities for change -- CO2 sequestration, renewable power, bioenergy feedstocks, biofuels for transportation, energy use in buildings, advanced power conversion, the smart grid. 1 undergraduate hour. 1 graduate hour. Credit is not given toward graduation for: Credit is not given toward graduation for both ES 471 and ENG 471. Prerequisite: MATH 220 or MATH 221; one of CHEM 104, CHEM 204, PHYS 101, PHYS 211. Recommended: NPRE 201.

Mathematical, scientific, engineering, and economic bases needed to analyze sustainable energy systems and civil infrastructure. Evaluation of current practice and future development of (i) energy extraction and conversion processes from geological, biological, and non-biological resources; (ii) energy usage for transportation, in residential and commercial buildings, and by industry. Credit is not given toward graduation for: Credit is not given toward graduation for both ES 571 and ENG 571. Prerequisite: Credit or concurrent registration in ES 471.